"forcer" meaning in All languages combined

See forcer on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: forcers [plural]
Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)sə(ɹ) Etymology: Etymology tree English force Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzijos Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English forcer From force + -er. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|force|-er<id:agent noun>|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English force Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzijos Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English forcer [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-āzijos", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ārijaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*-ārī", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-er", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "forcer", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="forcer"> From force + -er. Head templates: {{en-noun}} forcer (plural forcers)
  1. Agent noun of force. Tags: agent, form-of Form of: force
    Sense id: en-forcer-en-noun-nqURo51U Categories (other): English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun), Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 29 31 24 16 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 30 32 24 14 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun): 70 10 8 12 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 29 28 23 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 36 27 22 15 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 31 31 24 14 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 34 26 21 19
  2. The solid piston of a force pump; the instrument by which water is forced in a pump.
    Sense id: en-forcer-en-noun-4w7jPh8Z Categories (other): English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 29 31 24 16 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 30 32 24 14 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 29 28 23 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 31 31 24 14
  3. A small hand pump for sinking pits, draining cellars, etc.
    Sense id: en-forcer-en-noun-ecP~ZnmK Categories (other): English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 29 31 24 16 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 30 32 24 14 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 29 28 23 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 31 31 24 14
  4. A bell-shaped lidded pot for growing rhubarb, used to limit photosynthesis by excluding light, encouraging early-season growth and blanched stems.
    Sense id: en-forcer-en-noun-iGKqwlrz Categories (other): English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 29 31 24 16 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 33 30 23 15 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 30 32 24 14 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 29 28 23 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 31 31 24 14
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: brute-forcer

Verb [French]

IPA: /fɔʁ.se/ Audio: Fr-forcer.ogg , LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav [France, Vosges], LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav [France, Lyon], LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-forcer.wav [France] (note: Somain)
Rhymes: -e Etymology: Inherited from Old French forcier, from Vulgar Latin *fortiāre, a verb based on Late Latin fortia, a noun based on Latin fortis (“strong”). Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|fro|forcier|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old French forcier, {{inh+|fr|fro|forcier}} Inherited from Old French forcier, {{inh|fr|la-vul|*fortio|*fortiāre}} Vulgar Latin *fortiāre, {{uder|fr|la-lat|fortia}} Late Latin fortia, {{der|fr|la|fortis||strong}} Latin fortis (“strong”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} forcer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], forcer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], forçant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], forcé [participle, past], force [first-person, indicative, present, singular], forces [indicative, present, second-person, singular], force [indicative, present, singular, third-person], forçons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], forcez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], forcent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], forçais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], forçais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], forçait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], forcions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], forciez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], forçaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], forçai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], forças [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], força [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], forçâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], forçâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], forcèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], forcerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], forceras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], forcera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], forcerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], forcerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], forceront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], forcerais [conditional, first-person, singular], forcerais [conditional, second-person, singular], forcerait [conditional, singular, third-person], forcerions [conditional, first-person, plural], forceriez [conditional, plural, second-person], forceraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], force [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], forces [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], force [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], forcions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], forciez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], forcent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], forçasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], forçasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], forçât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], forçassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], forçassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], forçassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], force [imperative, second-person, singular], forçons [first-person, imperative, plural], forcez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to force Derived forms: forcer la main, forcer le trait, forceur, marche forcée, travaux forcés

Inflected forms

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      "word": "brute-forcer"
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          "pot"
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        [
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        ]
      ]
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  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcer"
}

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    },
    {
      "form": "forçais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçait",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forciez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçaient",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçai",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forças",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "força",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçâmes",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçâtes",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcèrent",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerai",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceras",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcera",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerons",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceront",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerait",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceriez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceraient",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forces",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forciez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcent",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçasse",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçasses",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçât",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçassions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçassiez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçassent",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçons",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "forcer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French undefined derivations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -cer",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "forcer la main"
        },
        {
          "word": "forcer le trait"
        },
        {
          "word": "forceur"
        },
        {
          "word": "marche forcée"
        },
        {
          "word": "travaux forcés"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to force"
      ],
      "id": "en-forcer-fr-verb-~EA~Z0m4",
      "links": [
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-forcer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/Fr-forcer.ogg/Fr-forcer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Fr-forcer.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-forcer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forçai"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcé"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcée"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcées"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcés"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcez"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcer"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "force",
        "4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish force\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzijos\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish forcer\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzijos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"forcer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"forcer\">\nFrom force + -er.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish force\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzijos\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish forcer\nFrom force + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "forcers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "forcer (plural forcers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "brute-forcer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English agent nouns"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "force"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Agent noun of force."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "force",
          "force#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "agent",
        "form-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The solid piston of a force pump; the instrument by which water is forced in a pump."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A small hand pump for sinking pits, draining cellars, etc."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A bell-shaped lidded pot for growing rhubarb, used to limit photosynthesis by excluding light, encouraging early-season growth and blanched stems."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pot",
          "pot"
        ],
        [
          "rhubarb",
          "rhubarb"
        ],
        [
          "photosynthesis",
          "photosynthesis"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcer"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "forcer la main"
    },
    {
      "word": "forcer le trait"
    },
    {
      "word": "forceur"
    },
    {
      "word": "marche forcée"
    },
    {
      "word": "travaux forcés"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "forcier",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French forcier",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "forcier"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French forcier",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "*fortio",
        "4": "*fortiāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *fortiāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "fortia"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin fortia",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "fortis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin fortis (“strong”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French forcier, from Vulgar Latin *fortiāre, a verb based on Late Latin fortia, a noun based on Latin fortis (“strong”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçant",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcé",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forces",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçons",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcent",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçait",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forciez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçaient",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçai",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forças",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "força",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçâmes",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçâtes",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcèrent",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerai",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceras",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcera",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerons",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceront",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerais",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerait",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcerions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceriez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forceraient",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forces",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forciez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcent",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçasse",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçasses",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçât",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçassions",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçassiez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçassent",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "force",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁs/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forçons",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forcez",
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "forcer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 2-syllable words",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French first group verbs",
        "French lemmas",
        "French terms derived from Late Latin",
        "French terms derived from Latin",
        "French terms derived from Old French",
        "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "French terms inherited from Old French",
        "French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French terms with homophones",
        "French undefined derivations",
        "French verbs",
        "French verbs with conjugation -cer",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:French/e"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to force"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fɔʁ.se/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-forcer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/Fr-forcer.ogg/Fr-forcer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Fr-forcer.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-forcer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-forcer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-forcer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-forcer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forçai"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcé"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcée"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcées"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcés"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "forcez"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcer"
}

Download raw JSONL data for forcer meaning in All languages combined (15.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (03da280 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.